SUNBURNS
Sunburns are first degree burns caused by the sun's ultra-violet (UV) rays. The earth's ozone layer blocks out these rays, however this layer has become thinner in recent years due to air pollution which means that more of these rays now reach the ground.

Prevention

• use sunscreen lotion with a SPF number of 15 or higher. Don't forget to re-apply often when swimming
• gradually expose skin areas to develop a tan
• use protective clothing
• wear a wide brimmed hat
• use sunglasses
• avoid being outside between 10:00 am and 3:00 pm

Treatment

• get out of the sun
• gently cool the affected area with cool water or wet towel
• apply sunburn lotion or ointment BUT BE AWARE THAT SOME PEOPLE ARE ALLERGIC TO THEM
• protect burned areas from further sun exposure
• do not break blisters
• if casualty starts vomiting and is hot, heatstroke may also be present